大喜馬拉雅流域因全球暖化導致冰川消融,面臨河川水量下降與乾旱危機。因這些河川多係跨界,水資源匱乏引起各國間的緊張,其中尤以中共與印度兩大強權關係最受矚目。中印跨界河川源頭都在中共控制的西藏高原,中共「南水北調」工程及在布拉馬普特拉河上游築壩,讓印度深感威脅,在缺乏水資源合作及資訊分享機制下,兩國現實主義的傾向,進一步惡化既存緊張關係,也使兩國水戰爭陰影揮之不去。
The glaciers melting of the Great Himalayan basin due to global warming has resulted in river water shortage and drought crises. As many rivers of the area are trans-boundary waters, water scarcity has aroused tension between countries. The relationships between the two powers – China and India – attract the most attention. As the sources of all shared rivers between the two countries lie on the Tibetan Plateau, which is under control of China, China’s South-to-North Water Diversion Project has thus posed significant threats to India. Owing to lack of water resources cooperation and information sharing mechanisms, realistic tendencies of the two countries have exacerbated the existing tension, and the potential risk of water war between the two countries seems inevitable.
本體論為任何研究之始,能動者 / 結構爭論為以 Waltz 為首之結構現實主義與 Wendt 為代表之建構主義在本體論層次的重要歧異點之一,為此,兩派學者自 1980 年代末黨論戰迄今。儘管本體論的問題具有政治性,不見得有終極與明確的答案,但籍由本體論的討論可以讓吾人更能瞭解兩派理論在深層假設的異同。本文在敘明能動者/結構爭論在理論發展上的重要性後,進行爭論中相關重要概念——如能動者、能動性、結構等——的闡述,除追蹤這些概念在社會學上的根源..
All research begins with ontology. The agent/structure debate represents one of the most profound discrepancies and the least conclusive contests in this regard between Structural Realism and Constructivism since the late 1980s. Though politics is the terrain of competing ontology;definite and clear-cut answers are hardly attainable, a serious discussion on ontological issues can lead us to penetrate the assumptions deeply embedded in both theories. This article first examines theoretical significances in the agent/structure debate and ..
本文主軸在於檢視國家身分認同因素對印度外交政策長期與深層的影響,從新古典現實主義結合體系結構與單元層次的分析架構下,抽取出做為中介變數的身分認同因素是如何干擾印度對於體系壓力的回應,同時提供觀察印度政策選擇的另一種理論途徑。目的在於指出,欲理解印度外交政策具有的特質,必須輔以「後殖民身分認同」的干擾變數,而伴隨後殖民國家身分認同而來的戰略自主,則有助於解釋為何印度對美國總是存有不信任感,雙方戰略夥伴關係難以真正落實。未來印度視印美關係為一個戰略機會(現實主義..
The paper aims to examine the long-term and deep impact of national identity on India’s foreign policy. In order to address the objective and develop an alternative approach, the study is conducted using the Neo-Classical Realism theory, which combines analyses on systemic structure and states’ behavior at the unit-level, while emphasizing the factor of national identity on the formation of India’s foreign policy and its responses to systemic pressure. This paper argues that it is imperative to take account ..
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