1960 年代末期,海洋地質專家即已預測東海大陸礁層蘊藏著豐富的油氣資源,並且造成了周圍國家的震撼,臺灣、中國與日本競相投入海域的探勘活動。但是,後來為了避免國際紛爭,各方遂停止在東海探採石油。然而,隨著海底資源開發技術的發展、國際原油價格節節攀升,以及聯合國海洋法公約的生效,中、日雙方圍繞在東海油氣田的爭端再度爆發出來。由於中國開始在日本主張的「中間線」附近開採石油,造成日本的強烈反應,雙方衝突不斷升級,值得臺灣密切關注。深究中、日在東海發生爭端的根本原因, 在於雙方的專屬經濟海域有相當大部分的重疊。對於鄰近國家專屬經濟海域重疊的情形,海洋法公約呼籲透過協商解決。本文認為,儘管中、日兩國已於 2008 年 6 月達成共識,要先進行小範圍的共同開發,但是來自歷史的情結和現實的輿論壓力,加上東海問題的複雜性與敏感性,將給中、日試圖簽訂此類協議帶來極大的難度。
In the late 1960s, marine geologists had predicted that the continental shelf in the East China Sea is rich in oil and gas. This finding shocked the surrounding regions of Taiwan, Japan, and China, leading to a fever of oil exploration. These countries then stopped the exploration to prevent further international disputes. However, as new seabed resources exploring technology is developed, rising price of crude oil, and the implementation of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, the conflict of the East China Sea oil and gas fields between China and Japan breaks out again. Japan's strong reaction to China is caused by China's oil exploration near the median line claimed by Japan. Taiwan, thus, needs to pay more attention to the increasing conflict between China and Japan. The conflicts between China and Japan in the East China Sea resulted from the fact that their exclusive economic zone substantially overlapped. Regarding such issue, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea calls to resolve the dispute through negotiation. In this article, the author argues that even if China and Japan reached a consensus of small-scale joint exploration in June 2008, it will be more difficult to sign this type of agreement in the future due to historical factor, public opinion pressure, and the complexity and sensitivity of the East China Sea issue.
1996 年 6 月,日本批准聯合國海洋法公約,同年 7 月公布專屬經濟海域與大陸礁層法。由於日本許多小島鄰近臺灣,兩國經濟海域嚴重重疊,漁權糾紛隨即產生。另一方面,日本與中國在東海也出現了專屬經濟海域重疊的問題。為了規範所屬國民所從事之漁撈活動,中、日於 1996 年 4 月展開有關海洋法及漁業之談判,並在島嶼主權爭議未解決、專屬經濟海域劃界未完成的情況下,簽訂了漁業協定。本文的研究目的即在探討中日漁業協定的談判經過與協定內容,希望藉此了解日本在海域劃界與..
In June of 1996, Japan sanctioned the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, and later announced the law on the exclusive economic zone and the continental shelf. Many islands belonging to Japan are in proximity to Taiwan; the exclusive economic zone of two countries overlapped seriously, and the fisheries disputes are frequent. In addition, Japan and China also have the same problem in the East China Sea. In order to manage fishing activities, China and Japan have engaged in negotiations on the law of the sea and f..
公私協力夥伴關係近年來成為南南合作的重要模式,隨著自身經濟實力的增長,南方國家廠商也開始參與其他發展中國家興建基礎建設。有鑑於先行文獻對此現象經常採行對外直接投資的研究框架,較為輕忽公共建設的特質與偏重投資的負面效果,本文以中國廠商參與泰國與緬甸的海外公共建設項目為例,進行理論建構工作。研究發現民營企業即使獨資取得地主國的公私協力夥伴計畫,也不致於衍生爭議;相對地,中央型國有企業參與基礎建設計畫較易遭遇政治反抗,但如果採行與當地或者他國際廠商的合資形式,則可..
South-South Cooperation is believed to facilitate development smoothly. However, why do some projects of public-private partnership in infrastructure (PPI) between Southern countries create contention while others do not? This research argues that types of enterprises and interfirm cooperation are two determinants of contentious politics against foreign involvement in PPI in Southern countries. To explain how this mechanism works, I focus on Chinese firms’ port and power construction PPI in Thailand and Myanmar. The com..
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