拉丁美洲許多國家在第三波民主化浪潮中歷經政體轉型,在比較政治學界中為一重要的研究課題。有別於既有文獻從總體層次、或是國際層次的因素來探討政體變遷,本論文主張跨國人權非政府組織網絡對於民主轉型具有重要的促進效果。本研究以拉丁美洲18個威權體制(1969∼1995) 的資料為基礎,運用量化方法對於上述主張進行系統性的驗證。本研究的實證分析顯示,在其他條件不變的情況下,一個威權國家若有愈密集的跨國人權非政府組織動員網絡,則該國愈有可能歷經民主轉型。綜合而言,本論文的創新之處在於透過嚴謹的實證分析驗證了跨國人權非政府組織與民主轉型的理論關係,為拉美民主化文獻提出更細膩的補充觀點,同時有助於吾人從不同角度深入理解新興民主國家的政治發展過程。
The regime change of many Latin American countries under the Third Wave of democratization has been a crucial topic in the field of comparative politics. Unlike previous literature that examines how democratic transition is shaped by macro-level or international-level factors, this study argues that transnational human rights NGOs networks play a significant factor in promoting democratic transition. Using data of 18 authoritarian regimes in Latin America between 1969 and 1995, the quantitative analysis demonstrates that a higher level of transnational human rights NGOs network density in an authoritarian regime is associated with a higher likelihood of democratic transition. Overall, this study contributes to the literature of Latin American democratization by providing more nuanced insights and empirical evidence about the relationship between transnational human rights NGOs and democratic transition. Moreover, this study also facilitates a better understanding of political development in new democracies.
近年來,國際人權規範在東南亞地區出現了正面的發展趨勢,並引發了學界之興趣。然而現有研究多聚焦於東協區域人權機制的創建與後果,對於人權公約承諾的關注相對不足,所提供的解釋亦未能盡如人意。本文企圖透過量化資料的實證分析,探詢影響東南亞人權公約承諾的主要因素。透過觀察東南亞十國自1981年到2015年間對主要國際人權公約的承諾紀錄,本文驗證了主要理論觀點所歸納出的四項假設,實證分析結果顯示,規範論與理性論觀點在不同的人權公約中產生了一定的促進效果,然而並無證據支持..
The last few decades witnessed positive developments in terms of human rights across Southeast Asia. It is widely believed that progresses such as the creation of ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission of Human Rights (AICHR) suggested the willingness of regional countries to identify themselves with universal human rights. Nevertheless, no consensus has been reached in academia yet regarding human rights treaty commitment of regional countries. This article intends to make contribution to the knowledge of human rights treaty rat..
西元 2000 年以後,開發中地區的人權保障體系出現值得注意的新發展。在中東,建立區域性人權保障標準的努力,最初體現在 1990 年的《開羅伊斯蘭人權宣言》,而後則有阿拉伯國家聯盟先後兩次通過的《阿拉伯人權憲章》。從 2009 年開始,阿拉伯人權體系正式展開運作。本文的主要目的,在於追溯分析阿拉伯世界人權運動的發展歷程,並以《阿拉伯人權憲章》的文本為討論焦點,分析阿拉伯地區的人權觀點與國際人權理念的互動,並針對新建立的阿拉伯人權體系前景進行初步評估。 ..
The establishment of the Arab Human Rights Committee in 2009 signaled a new era of human rights protection in the Arab world. Given the tension between Islamic values and universal human rights and the relentless conflict between Israel and the Palestinian people, the Arab human rights mechanism would have been regarded as “mission impossible.” This article offers a pioneering investigation by reviewing the original and revised Arab Charters on Human rights. The analysis suggests that regional perspectives on huma..
請輸入想查詢的期刊標題、關鍵字、作者相關資訊. Please enter the journal title, keywords, and author-related information you want to query.