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從交往到交惡？ 從學習理論探討兩岸交流的變化
From Engagement to Alienation? Examining Cross-Strait Exchanges through the Learning Theory
陳郁芬 饒聆瑄 張廖年仲
65卷2期(2026/07/02)
歷經近四十年的兩岸交流，究竟對兩岸關係產生了何種變化與影響？本文將從學習（learning）理論來剖析兩岸民間交流的過程與結果，並檢視自從兩岸開放交流後彼此關係的變化與所面臨的侷限。本文採取案例研究分析中國大陸在經濟發展、農村社區營造方面向臺灣學習的經驗，以及臺灣在直播帶貨、短影音方面向中國大陸學習的經驗。本文發現國內政治因素是影響兩岸交流的最主要因素，特別是中國大陸對臺灣的「選舉式民主」以及臺灣對中國大陸社群媒體傳播的疑慮，使得兩岸交流仍停留在「簡單學習」與「負面學習」的階段，因此無法進入「複雜學習」而形成具有共同目標與價值的「知識社群」。最後，中美戰略競爭升高的外在環境將會衝擊過去兩岸交流最具成果的經貿互賴與科技合作。因此，儘管經歷了近40年的兩岸交流與往來，兩岸關係的未來還是有可能再回到過去衝突與對抗的局面。
What changes and impacts have brought to the cross-strait relationship after 40 years of exchanges? This article uses learning theory to analyze the processes and outcomes of people to people exchanges; it also examines the transformations and limitations in cross-strait relationship since the opening of exchanges. Using case studies, the article explores China’s experiences of learning from Taiwan in economic development and rural community building, as well as Taiwan’s experiences of learning from China in livestream e-commerce and short video platforms. The result shows that domestic political factors are the primary influences on cross-strait exchanges. Specifically, China’s skepticism toward Taiwan’s “electoral democracy” and Taiwan’s concerns about the information from Chinese social media have confined the exchanges to stages of “simple learning” and “negative learning”. As a result, both of them have been unable to progress into “complex learning” or to form a “knowledge community” characterized by shared goals and values. Finally, the escalating US-China strategic competition is likely to undermine the previously fruitful economic interdependence and technological cooperation between Taiwan and China. Thus, despite nearly four decades of cross-strait
exchanges, the future of cross-strait relations may regress to a state of conflict and confrontation.
交往 兩岸關係 學習理論 臺灣經驗 中美競爭 Interaction Cross-Strait Relations Learning Theory Taiwan Experience US-China Competition

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