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並立式混合選制下兩票之連動效果:日本眾議院選舉自民黨重複提名策略之分析(1996~2005年)
The Contamination Effect in a Mixed-Member Majoritarian System: the Influence of LDP's Dual Candidacy in the Japanese House Elections (1996-2005)
郭銘峰(Ming-Feng Kuo)黃紀(Chi Huang)王鼎銘(Ding-Ming Wang)
51卷2期(2012/06/01)

混合式選制融合了多數決與比例代表兩種選制的精神,不過關於此種選制兩票架構對投票的影響,有兩種截然不同的主張:一是認為兩票各自獨立運作,其影響可以獨立估算;另一派則主張兩票抉擇會相互影響,亦即具有所謂連動效果(interaction effects,或稱感染效果 contamination effects)的存在,因此必須綜合考量兩票架構的互動關係。而在日本施行的混合選制,又因允許候選人在兩種選票間重複提名,更使得其兩票間的連動關係益形複雜。 ..

The Mixed Electoral System combines the spirits of plurality and proportional representation. The way two-ballot structure influencing the voting behavior however is not settled. Of the two distinctive schools, one believed that two ballots work separately and therefore, their influences should be estimated independently. The other group advocated the existence of contamination effects (or interaction effects), and believed that it is necessary to consider the interaction between two ballots. As for the Mixed- Member Majorita..

日本眾議院選舉制度改革與自民黨集權化之關係
Relationship between Electoral Reform in the Japanese House of Representatives and LDP's Centralization of Power
吳明上(Ming-Shan Wu)
50卷3期(2011/09/01)

本文主要是補充論述日本新選舉制度與自民黨走向集權化的關係。既有研究指出,在新選舉制度下,日本自民黨的派閥勢力逐漸地瓦解,從政治過程的觀察中,同時顯示出自民黨派閥的影響力確實也在消退中。本文發現,自民黨在新選舉制度下,依然維持「現任者優先」的提名策略,而「現任者優先」卻具有默認既存派閥勢力的意味。就此而言,派閥勢力應該保有足夠的生存空間,又為何會在新選舉制度下逐漸消退呢 ? 本文擬從候選人在新選舉制度下的「趨中現象」、「政權公約」的黨中央主導、重複提名的設計與比例的提高,以及 「七十三歲屆..

The main purpose of this paper is to further elaborate on the relationship between Japan's new electoral system and augmentation of power in the LDP central committee. The existing studies pointed out that the newly-reformed electoral system in Japan leads to a gradual decline of factions within the LDP while the actual power of the LDP central committee was elevated. However, this paper argues that if LDP's nomination process in the new electoral system still complies with the principle of “incumbents first," which w..

日本政黨輪替思維之探析-兼論民主黨的角色與定位
The Party Alternation Thinking in Japan: The Roles of DPJ
李世暉(Shih-Hui Li)郭國興(Kuo-Hsing Kuo)
50卷1期(2011/03/01)

政黨輪替是當代民主政治發展的重要條件。日本的民主政治雖然在戰後新憲法公布後即開始進行,但自 1955 年起便形成自民黨一黨獨大的政治體制。這是因為,日本戰後的政黨輪替思維,受限於國內政治、經濟、社會與政黨條件等國內外環境的影響,使其無法在民主政治發展過程中具體展現。冷戰結束後政經情勢的轉變,讓日本的政黨輪替思維獲得解放,也促成了日本民主黨的成立與發展。本文主旨是藉由民主理論與近代日本政治發展觀點,思考政黨輪替思維在日本的演變歷程,並以日本民主黨的成立背景、組..

Party alternation is an important condition for the development of modern democracy. Although the Japanese democracy after World War II proceeded from the enforcement of the new constitution, LDP dominated the Japanese politics since 1955. The party alternation thinking in Japan was limited by the situations of domestic and international environment such as politics, economics, society and parties. The end of the Cold War liberated the party alternation thinking in Japan, and led to the formation and development of DPJ. This ..

2005年日本眾議員選舉之分析:自民黨策略與小泉魅力之影響
Analysis of Japanese House Election in 2005: The Significance of the LDP Strategy, and Koizumi's Charisma
王鼎銘(Ding-Ming Wang)黃紀(Chi Huang)郭銘峰(Ming-Feng Kuo)
48卷2期(2009/06/01)

在戰後日本民主憲政史上,2005 年舉辦的第 44 屆日本眾院議員選舉深受各界重視,特別是因為該屆選舉,是日本政治史上首度因重大政策遭國會否決,內閣首相逕予交付民意定奪的一項公民複決選舉。當時自民黨的執政內閣能否在改選中贏取民心,亦或由民主黨等在野黨派來更迭政權,不僅攸關小泉純一郎首相政治生命與改革路線的延續,更牽動日本未來政經局勢的發展走向,其重要性確實不容小覷。 有別於過往研究囿限於宏觀層次或質化的研究途徑,本文嘗試根據日本選舉研究..

The 44th Japanese House election in 2005 has played a significant role in its post-war democratic history and also drove a lot of attention in the academics. The importance of this election, regarded as the national referendum for the postal reform, relies on the fact that it is the first time the House is dismissed because of unsolved policy gridlock. The consequence of the election not only results in the destine of LDP coalition government and the political career of Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi, but also the developme..

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