公私協力夥伴關係近年來成為南南合作的重要模式，隨著自身經濟實力的增長，南方國家廠商也開始參與其他發展中國家興建基礎建設。有鑑於先行文獻對此現象經常採行對外直接投資的研究框架，較為輕忽公共建設的特質與偏重投資的負面效果，本文以中國廠商參與泰國與緬甸的海外公共建設項目為例，進行理論建構工作。研究發現民營企業即使獨資取得地主國的公私協力夥伴計畫，也不致於衍生爭議;相對地，中央型國有企業參與基礎建設計畫較易遭遇政治反抗，但如果採行與當地或者他國際廠商的合資形式，則可較為平順地推進建設與營運。這項成果有助於釐清跨國企業類型與策略如何影響公共建設的南南合作，以及呈顯中國廠商參與海外建設過程中與日俱增的適應能力。

South-South Cooperation is believed to facilitate development smoothly. However, why do some projects of public-private partnership in infrastructure (PPI) between Southern countries create contention while others do not? This research argues that types of enterprises and interfirm cooperation are two determinants of contentious politics against foreign involvement in PPI in Southern countries. To explain how this mechanism works, I focus on Chinese firms’ port and power construction PPI in Thailand and Myanmar. The comparative case studies reveal that Chinese private multinational corporations can complete the projects of PPI without contention even though they do not seek joint ownership with indigenous enterprises. Nonetheless, Chinese state- owned enterprises can avoid backfiring only when they collaborate with local companies or residents in investing PPI. The findings contribute to the growing literature on China’s overseas infrastructure investment through the lens of government-business relationship.