蒙古位於亞洲內陸,夾處於中、俄兩大強國之間的戰略位置,使其曾長期被兩大強鄰視為領土的邊疆(frontier)。隨著 1991 年蘇聯瓦解,使近代蒙古第一次擁有完整主權。此後,蒙古的對外政策定調為「不結盟、等距離、全方位」,在「第三鄰國」戰略操作及地理條件基礎下,以平衡為原則,執行外交策略。誠然,蒙古如何在兩大強鄰之間求取平衡的生存之道,建構出獨立與靈活的外交及經貿空間,是蒙古確保國家安全的一大課題,也是本文的研究目的。
Mongolia, with its strategic location between China and Russia in the inner Asia, is seen by its powerful neighbors for hundreds of years as a frontier. In 1991, modern Mongolia obtained complete sovereignty for the first time after the disruption of USSR, Hereafter, its foreign policy was principled upon “independence, non-alignment, multi-pillars”. Under the “third neighbor” strategy, Mongolia uses the opportunities endowed from its geography to balance neighboring threats, ensure its national security, and create independent and flexible spaces in foreign affairs, economy, and trade. How Mongolia dealt with their prime issues is the focus of this article.
歐盟整合成員國政策並建立監控外資活動機制的努力,自2017年9月執委會提議以來,進展迅速並已於2019年2月獲歐洲議會立法通過,相關文件均以中國大陸資金在歐併購為案例。本文回顧歐中投資爭議開端,申論其源於對外經貿與產業發展理念差異,而近期中方透過「一帶一路」、「中國製造2025」指令下的海外投資併購,試圖同時解決產能過剩與產業升級目標,使雙邊爭端白熱化。除前述中方政策對歐盟可能影響外,本文亦將討論歐盟因應策略,中方可能反制措施,以及當前情勢對於歐中雙方後續作..
In this paper, we argue that China’s current strategies including Made in China 2025 and Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) with large scale mergers and acquisitions are still consistent with the so-called “divide and rule” principle with respect to the European Union (EU) since 2005. Furthermore, there will be some leading and potential industries through the above approach, even though the problems of overcapacity and inefficiency still exist. On the basis of the bilateral trade and investment strategies, we a..
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