英國脫離歐盟的公投意外地以過半(52%)比例通過，此舉不僅會重塑英國在世界上的位置，亦將深遠和持續影響其國內政治與經濟發展。在經濟上，公投結果已造成英鎊匯率持續下跌、商業活動減少、投資下滑與就業機會消失，尤其嚴重衝擊英國金融業。失去歐盟會員資格的情況下，倫敦金融中心恐難再維持歐元交易中心的領導地位。在政治上，如何在主張脫歐的民意與要求留歐的蘇格蘭和北愛爾蘭兩者間取得平衡，成為主政者維持聯合王國完整的最迫切挑戰。本文認為，以 1985 格陵蘭脫離歐盟為例，一國..

The UK referendum on Brexit was passed unexpectedly by a 52% majority. This result will not only reshape the UK’s place in the world but also has profound and enduring impact on the UK politics and economy. Economically, the Brexit result has caused continuing devaluation of UK sterling and declines in contracts, investment and employment. The UK financial service sectors have been affected the most. It is difficult for the City of London to maintain its position as the leading financial center of the euro without the U..

美國為因應後冷戰時期國際安全環境與威脅的改變，至 1996 年止已執行多次全面性的兵力結構檢討。然而，國會認為國防部僅考量維持現有規模與預算，而非依外在安全環境與威脅的改變來調整所需兵力結構。因此，國會為因應二十一世紀的威脅及確保美國國家安全利益，通過「1996 年軍力結構總檢法案」，要求國防部配合總統任期執行「四年期國防總檢」及將評估重點予以法制化。鑑於國內學術界對美國「四年期國防總檢」的論述均以報告內容為重點，故本文將從理性決策與戰略規劃面向，來評析美國..

In response to the changes of international security environment and threat in the post-Cold War era, the United States had conducted various comprehensive assessment of its force structure in 1990-1996 periods. However, the Congress pointed out the Department of Defense intended to realign the force structure just from the view of keeping forces size and defense budget and not from the changes of security environment and threat. In order to meet the threats and protect the U.S. national security interests in the twenty-first..