非傳統安全指的是除了戰爭外其他會威脅到國家安全的議題，在全球化的局勢下這些議題的重要性與日俱增，然而文獻上少有對這個國際關係的第三大次領域系統性的整理，本文討論非傳統安全的三大重要主題—能源安全、環境議題、恐怖主義，以及其他議題如糧食安全、移民與難民議題、跨國犯罪、以及傳染病，除了回顧相關文獻並探討其趨勢外，本文認為非傳統安全的議題仍不斷在擴充中，並點出全球化下科技在這些議題中扮演的重要角色。
Non-traditional security (NTS) issues refer to any issues other than wars that will threaten national security. The importance of NTS issues has been increasing as globalization has accelerated. The literature, however, lacks a systematic review of NTS research, which is arguably the third largest subfield in international relations. This paper focuses on three major NTS issues—energy security, environmental issues, and terrorism, and also briefly discusses other NTS issues, including food security, migration and refugees, transnational crime, and pandemics. In addition to reviewing the relevant literature on each issue and pointing out the potential areas for future research, this paper argues that the scope of NTS issues keeps expanding and that technology plays a key role in these issue areas in the era of globalization.
1992 年以來，蓋達組織的戰略行為是跨國界、不分軍民的恐怖攻擊。蓋達恐怖組織主要以打擊西方世界與其盟友的利益，為主要目標，形成國際安全的巨大威脅。本文使用文本、歷史、迷思與信仰四個文化要素，以蓋達組織為例，試圖理解宗教導向恐怖組織的戰略行為;以《古蘭經》與《聖訓》 為主的伊斯蘭宗教文本，賦予蓋達組織戰略脈絡;二戰後的歷史經驗，形成蓋達組織將西方勢力逐出伊斯蘭世界的戰略目標:源於極端伊斯蘭思想的理念迷思，將「聖戰」作為恐怖攻擊的戰略手段;最後賓拉登的信仰，落..
Since 1992, al-Qaeda's strategic behavior is characterized by its cross- border and indiscriminate massive terror attacks with both military personnel and civilians as targets. Al-Qaeda’s goal is to strike the interests of the Western and its allies, thus posing a dangerous threat to international security. This article attempts to use four cultural elements – text, history, myths and beliefs – to understand the strategic behavior of al-Qaeda that is religious- oriented. “Quran" and “had..
能源憲章條約於1998年生效，目前有54個簽署方，大部分位於歐洲與中亞地區。其目的為保障外國投資人免受地主國不當之管制或政治干預，包括訴諸投資人與地主國爭端解決機制之途徑。2018年啟動該條約之現代化談判，歷經約五年談判後，2022年6月24日能源憲章大會通過原則性協議，完成ECT之修正內容。雖然談判結果未將化石燃料投資排除於保障範圍之外，不過該條約現代化所帶來之實質性改變仍有所進展。儘管如此，部分歐盟會員國宣布退出能源憲章條約，歐盟執委會亦隨之展開協調歐盟及其會員國退出該條約。根據該條..
The Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) came into force in 1998 and is currently signed by 54 countries, mostly in Europe and Central Asia. Its purpose is to protect foreign investments from regulatory or political interferences of host State, including through investor-State dispute settlement mechanism (ISDS). A negotiation to modernize the agreement was launched in 2018. On 24 June 2022, after five years of negotiations, the Energy Charter Conference Member States reached an Agreement in Principle regarding revisions to the ECT. Despite a crushin..
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