歐盟於 1968 年成立一個糖共同行銷組織，在價格體系下，針對糖採取國內補貼與出口補貼。補貼額度超過歐盟 1995 年減讓承諾的補貼金額與出口數量，影響到澳洲、巴西與泰國糖的出口利益，而向 WTO 提起控訴。本案顯示補貼問題的複雜性，尤其很多國家透過國內補貼，而對出口產品實施交叉補貼，形成變相的出口補貼，這是本案的主要爭議。歐盟糖出口補貼被認定為違反 WTO 農業協定相關規定，因此影響到澳洲、巴西與泰國糖合法利益。本案對於歐盟糖體系的改革、WTO 杜哈發展議..

The European Union (EU) established a Common Organization for sugar in 1968, and accordingly applied subsidies to sugar under the price support system. However, the EU has been providing export subsidies in excess of its budgetary outlay and quantity commitment levels specified in the Schedule of 1995, thereby nullifying or impairing benefits expected to accrue to Australia, Brazil and Thailand under the Agreement on Agriculture. This case demonstrates the complexity of subsidies, in particular as more and more WTO members ap..

後物質主義與女性主義價值兩者之間的關係，在相關研究中存在兩種對立的觀點:一種觀點認為後物質主義與女性主義兩種價值，本質上存在相近性，發展上則有一致性，兩者追求非物質性的價值，同樣是後現代價值體系變遷的一部份，產生於新社會運動相似的背景，同樣代表新政治分歧的價值;再者，兩者的發展步調一致，同樣建立在社會經濟心理安全感的基礎上，社會經濟條件越發達或是後工業化的國家，女性主義以及後物質主義的價值傾向越普遍。另一種觀點則認為後物質主義與女性主義的發展並非相近的價值，..

This study focuses on the varied and complicated relationship between postmaterialism and feminism, and examines two contradicted hypotheses regarding their relationship. Hypothesis one assumes both sets of value sprung simultaneously from very similar origins and contain similar value components, under the rubic of new social movement and new political cleavage. Therefore, they are closed related to each other, for those postindustrial countries which support feminism tend to adopt postmaterialism values as well. To the oppo..

中國大陸自文革起歷經改革開放、中越戰爭、重要歷史決議案等重大轉變;同時日本的中國研究界內部也正進行世代交替的變化過程;加上兩岸公開史料，日中間學術交流、研究者相互長期在地研究等客觀情勢變化。日本中國研究因此開啟了約十年的轉型期，這個期間轉型並不朝向單一方向，而 是開始了各種多元的復甦。首先是在史觀上，在社會主義中國完全視為完全斷裂的「革命史觀」，轉變為強調連續性的「民國史觀」;第二是主體性與價值觀面向，擺脫完全依賴中共定義，建立日本「再評價」風潮;最後是方法..

Since the Cultural Revolution, Mainland China has experienced great transitions such as the Reform and the Open Period, the Sino-Vietnam War, and several historical political resolutions. Japan’s China Studies have also experienced several generational changes. Historical documents between Taiwan and China have been published. Scholarly exchanges between China and Japan have also increased, including the possibility of visiting scholars from one to the other. All these have contributed to the transition of Japan’s..