2013 年 1 月 22 日,菲律賓依據聯合國海洋法公約第 15 部分第 287 條與 附件 7 之規定,片面對中國啟動關於南海海洋管轄權爭端的強制仲裁程序。 在中國聲明拒絕接受及參與此一程序的情況下,仲裁庭在 2015 年 10 月 29 日宣判對本案之管轄權成立,並於同年 11 月完成實質問題階段的開庭審理,預定 2016 年 6 月以前作出判決。菲律賓有計畫地設計對中國九段線及歷史性權利主張的法律戰,試圖瓦解中國的南海主張,對該主張的合法性帶來極大的壓力。本仲裁案對我國作為南海主張之一方的身分,以及太平島的島嶼地位,更帶來雙重的困境。本文建議,仲裁庭在審理《公約》第 121 條 第 3 項解釋以及太平島地位時,應謹慎考量一些菲律賓沒有注意到,但卻相關的問題。有鑒於本仲裁案恐對我國有不利的影響,現階段政府有必要繼續維持我國在太平島的存在,強化我國作為南海主張和利益當事者、的論述,並設法爭取最大的戰略利益。
On January 22 2013, Philippines unilaterally initiated compulsory arbitral procedure against China, in accordance with Part XV, Article 287 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea ( UNCLOS ), concerning matters relating to their disputes over maritime jurisdiction in the South China Sea. China formally declared its objection against the procedure and refused to participate. Notwithstanding this circumstance, the Arbitral Tribunal established its jurisdiction on October 29 2015, and conducted hearings on merits in November. The award on merits is expected by June 2016. The Philippines has conducted a “lawfare” against China by deliberately formulated its submissions in such ways that the legal bases and validity of China’s Nine-dash Line and historic rights claims may be under serious threat. In addition, the arbitration has not only gravely undermined Taiwan’s identity as a claimant to the South China Sea, but also caused uncertainty to Itu Aba’s status as an “island”. These challenges could have a negative impact on Taiwan. It is suggested that the Tribunal should carefully consider relevant issues concerning the interpretation of Article 121(3)of UNCLOS and the legal status of Itu Aba, which have been omitted by the Philippines. Moreover, Taiwan should make sustained efforts in maintaining presence on the Itu Aba and advocating its identity as a claimant and stakeholder in the South China Sea, and try to maximize its strategic interests.
1965 年「解決國家與他國國民間投資爭端公約」創設國際投資爭端解決中心,建立以仲裁程序為主的投資人對地主國爭端解決機制,投資人無須仰賴母國行使外交保護權,得遂行投資人對地主國仲裁以落實國際投資條約之實體保障。惟對跨國投資之中小企業而言,鉅額仲裁費用形成仲裁利用途徑之障礙,不但妨礙中小企業投資保障實體權益之落實,更可能衝擊國際投資爭端解決機制去政治化之發展。國際投資仲裁程序費用,如仲裁機構規費,仲裁庭費用與法律服務費用,動輒達百萬美元以上。中小企業可能無力承..
The 1965 Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes between States and Nationals of Other States (ICSID Convention) established the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) and affirmed the use of international arbitration as primary means for resolving disputes between foreign investors and host states. An aggrieved foreign investor no longer needs to rely upon its home state to invoke diplomatic protection once local remedies are exhausted in the host state, but could proceed with investor..
「第三屆聯合國海洋法會議」係迄今為止,聯合國所召開時間最長且規模最大的一次國際立法會議,部分學者將此會議的成功,歸因於「包裹交易」或「大國政治」的折衝。本文援引社會學領域的相關討論,使用 「意義框架」取代溫特的「共享概念」,對國際關係領域中的國際會議決策制定提出分析架構與可操作的觀察指標。此分析架構中的意義框架與行 為體行為兩者互為因果,處於一種動態的建構關係,而「共同期待」係為兩者的中介,若符合期待,兩者便趨於穩定;反之,則面臨調整。本文透過自1930年「國際法編纂會議」到1982年「..
The Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III) might be the largest and longest international law codification conference thus far. Some scholars attribute the success of this conference to the “package deal” or “great power politics.” This paper adopts the view of constructivism and cites relevant discussions in the field of sociology and replaces Wendt’s “shared ideas” with “meaning framework” for proposing a new analysis framework with operational indicators fo..
請輸入想查詢的期刊標題、關鍵字、作者相關資訊. Please enter the journal title, keywords, and author-related information you want to query.