本文主要分三大部分，首先從「新現實主義」、「新自由主義」與「善治」等三個角度，探索歐盟 (European Union/EU) 對中國政策的產出背景與運作邏輯。其次，本文將從實踐面著手，從歐盟與中國對彼此發表的八份文件，分析歐盟對中國政策的具體實踐，並檢視歐盟與中國在「軍售」、「WTO與市場經濟地位」以及「人權」三個問題上的互動與折衝。最後，本文將檢討與評估歐盟對中國政策的運作成效，以及歐盟內部成員國的立場對於歐盟對中國政策產出的影響，並展望歐盟的中國政策對其區域與全球戰略佈局的未來發展。

本文認為，新現實主義與新自由主義的思維仍將主導歐盟的中國政策，歐盟成員國間的立場與態度，也會對未來政策的走向具有一定的主導作用; 然而，在其全球戰略的規劃上，歐盟將積極納入「善治」的思維，用以推動與中國的交往和合作，以達到和平演變中國體制，並讓中國承擔更多全球治理責任，達成建立一個和平與穩定的國際社會的最終目標。

This article is divided into three major parts. It first explores the background and logic of EU's China policy from three aspectds : Neo-Realism, Neo-Liberalism and Good Governance. It then turns to practices and reviews EU's China policy based on eight documents issued by EU and China. It analyzes the reciprocity, negotiation, and compromise between EU and China on three issues of arms sales, WTO and market economy status, and human rights. In the final part, it reviews and evaluates the effect of EU's China policy and its member states' influence on the development of the policy, and looks into the role of its China policy in its future regional and global strategic deployment.

This article maintains that Neo-Realism and Neo-Liberalism will still dominate EU's China policy. The  stance and attitude of its member states will affect its future policy. In its global strategy planning, EU will bring in the thinking of “Good Governance”, promotes its exchange and cooperation with China to achieve peaceful transformation of the Chinese regime, and to have China shoulders greater responsibility in global governance to reach for the final goal of a peaceful and stable international society.