1951 年歐洲首次在沒有流血戰爭的狀態中開始進行和平統合,此有別於歐洲歷史紛亂與戰爭的常態。從戰後、歐洲開始統合、歷經德國統一及蘇聯共產主義集團瓦解兩大地緣政治鉅變,到 2007 年歐盟最近一次擴大至今, 統合過程中,歐洲國家之間及其與美國及俄羅斯(蘇聯)的權力互動關係,以及各強權與歐洲地理空間的互動關係對歐洲統合產生重大的影響與不同的地緣政治意涵。 第二次世界大戰後,歐洲國家處於美蘇對峙複雜的權力互動關係中,資源統合、採取共同立場(..
The integration of Europe began in 1951. Within the process of integration, there were three dimensions of power interactions: the interaction among European states, the interaction among America, Russia (Soviet Union), and European states, and the interaction between great powers and the European geographical space. From the beginning of the European integration, the unification of Germany and the collapse of the Russian communist bloc, and to the latest expansion of EU, the geopolitical changes had important impacts and sig..
過去數十年來,外來直接投資出現大幅的成長,跨國企業在經濟全球化的過程中扮演益發重要的角色。然而,跨國企業在進行海外投資時多少會遭遇到來自地主國的政治風險,而導致經營損失或人員傷亡。國際關係學界中,商業自由主義者認為,商業活動與軍事衝突環境無法相容,軍事衝突將對跨國企業的海外投資造成負面影響。對此,本文從跨國企業的角度,分析軍事衝突在跨國企業進行政治風險評估中的地位,進而主張跨國企業的產業異質性將導致不同產業的跨國企業,對軍事衝突作出不同的認知與回應。因此,迥..
Over the past decades, foreign direct investment(FDI)has grown significantly. The role of multinational corporations(MNCs)has become more important in terms of facilitating the process of economic globalization. Nevertheless, while conducting investment overseas, MNCs inevitably face the uncertainty of political risks, including militarized conflict, in host countries, which may deter MNCs’ investment and lead to decrease in FDI inflow. Based on this logic, commercial liberalism argues that commerce cannot exist in a co..
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