半總統制的設計，通常有一民選的總統及民選產生的國會;在此體制下，由於總統與國會雙元選舉的實施，國會理論上比一般單元選舉的內閣制 要有更強的監督制衡力量。但這種體制下的國會是否具備優於內閣制的監督能量，則在文獻上甚少探討，也成為本研究的最初動機。本文試著比較兩個半總統制的國家-臺灣與法國，並從較傳統的制度面切入，來探究兩國在制度設計安排上，賦予國會的監督潛能為何。這裡的制度設計安排，主要包括憲法及相關法規中賦予國會、委員會及個別議員的權力和資源配備;以及目前國..

The so-called semi-presidentialism designs a system that popularly elects both the president and the parliament. Under the dual-election design, the parliament theoretically should own more check and balance power than a parliament that gives rise to the cabinet. However, whether the parliament under semi-presidentialism in practice is indeed equipped with more oversight capacity than that of a cabinet system’s parliament has been rarely studied in prior literature. This paper tries to study this theoretically inte..

從21世紀開始，低敏感性的區域經濟整合已成為目前國際的趨勢。俄羅斯因應區域經濟整合趨勢，從傳統主導安全性區域整合改採以更有地緣政治優勢的能源戰略，來促進其建立在新「歐亞主義」的「歐亞經濟聯盟」。本文以地緣政治之能源戰略視角，檢視俄羅斯對前蘇聯國家的地緣政治與能源紛爭，並以交易成本經濟模型作為綜合型架構。本文認為國家作為一個理性行為者，俄羅斯運用地緣政治能源戰略降低交易成本。最後本文以交易成本變項來進一步分析前蘇聯國家與俄羅斯之議價能力。

In the 21st century, regional economic integration as a less sensitive issue has become the current international trend. In response to the trend of regional economic integration, Russia has changed from traditionally dominated thought of security regional integration to a more geopolitical energy strategy to promote its establishment of the “Eurasian Economic Union” based on the new “Eurasianism.” From the perspective of geopolitical-based energy strategy, the article examines Russia’s geopolitical and energy ..