後冷戰時期波蘭外交政策之轉變可謂歐洲政治發展過程中一個相當明顯且重要的變化,本文以外交ˋ政策分析架構來檢視波蘭後冷戰時期加入北約、歐盟以及美伊戰爭後的外交政策變化,這些政策變化的主要動力來自對權力追求的強度、對合乎國家利益的理性考量、心理因素如何影響外交政策制定以及探討歷史思維在政策制定過程中扮演之角色等。
本文認為波蘭外交政策變化之因在於 : 第一,加入北約是為了滿足對外部安全環境的需求,以外交政策調整發誓獲得安全保證,決策者透過實質理性判斷,滿足加入北約的心理與歷史需求。第二,加入歐盟乃是希望以現代化方向提升國家能力,透過程序理性取得全民共識。第三,美伊戰爭對波蘭而言屬突發性狀況處理,波蘭政府僅能從實質理性角度處理「何種外交政策」才是波蘭國家利益所在,政治菁英以歷史思維的記憶強化決策正當性,並據此調整外交政策。
The shift in foreign policy of Poland during the post-Cold war period can be considered as a significant process in the development of the European politics. This study focuses on the changes of foreign policy structure of Poland after the joining of NATO, EU and the US-lead war on Iraq. The changes are motivated by the strength on pursuit of power, rationality of the state interest, and the ideological and historical influence on the foreign policy making.
This analysis draws the conclusion to the cause in Polish foreign policy change. First, the joining of NATO being the need of Poland for a secure external environment; by adjustment of foreign policy to ensure a secure environment, the leadership through rational judgement fulfills the ideological and historical prerequisit. Second, joining of EU being the hope of modernization and reaching of higher status of state; legal process are required to gian popular consensus. Third, the US-lead Iraqi War being the challenge for Poland dealing with sudden unexpected circumstances in international affairs. The Polish government facing the challenge are endown with making rational choices, strengthening historical and ideological influence on foreign policy adjustment.
近年來,隨著歐盟和北約組織的東擴與俄國的再度興起,位處西方民主國家與俄國之間「地緣斷層線」上的中東歐國家對俄國「抗衡或扈從」 的議題又再度浮上檯面。相關文獻指出,中、小國家與大國之間的利益相似程度,是決定其對該大國選擇「抗衡或扈從」關係的關鍵前提條件,據此,本文探討在這個「地緣斷層線」上16個曾具有相似背景的前「東方集團」的中東歐國家與俄國之間在外交政策利益相似程度上的變化。以近年來在各國所發生的事件為基礎,本文發現,經濟危機和民主退化的問題, 在近年來開始威脅著這些中東歐國家的傳統政黨..
Due to the eastern expansion of EU and NATO and the resurgence of Russia under Putin’s leadership, how the Central and Eastern European fault line states chose between balancing and bandwagoning toward Russia has become a salient issue in contemporary international relations studies. This article investigates changes in the degree of policy similarity between 16 former “Eastern Bloc” Central and Eastern European States and Russia. The rationale for this study is that previous studies demonstrated that this issue is the key..
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