在國族形塑過程中，各種原生條件，如共同歷史記憶、語言、文化、宗教信仰等，扮演著重要角色。烏克蘭在擺脫俄羅斯影響，重塑其國家主體性的歷史進程中，耗費漫長的時間在教會自主-脫離莫斯科的管理，成為真正的民族教會。但就東正教會的角度來看，一個民族國家教會的獨立不僅只是個別國家的問題，還牽涉到普世東正教會的教法傳統，這也涉及到東正教關於教會與國家關係的認知。此外，烏克蘭正教會的獨立又牽涉到兩個無法迴避的議題:烏克蘭信眾對於教會歸屬的認同以及莫斯科教會的立場和影響力。本文以烏克蘭正教會獨立為核心，討論東正教會的組織，烏克蘭正教會獨立的歷史以及烏克蘭當代政治與宗教之間的關係及其對烏克蘭社會的影響。
During the process of building a nation, various original conditions, such as common historical memory, language, culture, religious beliefs, etc., play an important role. In the history of integration of Ukrainian statehood, the most important events are the independence of the Ukrainian Church, where it separated from Moscow’s rule and the creation of a national Church. However, from the position of the Ecumenical Orthodox Church, this topic not only touches state policy, but also the Church tradition, which has a connection with the principle of relations between the Church and the state. In addition, the topic of the independence of the Church in Ukraine concerns two inevitable problems: the Church’s intensification of Ukrainian believers and the power of the Moscow Church’s influence. This article discusses the following issues: the autonomy of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church, the structure of the Orthodox Church, the history of the struggle for independence of the Ukrainian Church from Moscow, the relationship between the Church and the state, and the impact of this topic on society in Ukraine.
當歐洲聯盟完成 2004 年和 2007 年東擴以後，烏克蘭、白俄羅斯與摩爾多瓦三國成為歐盟與俄羅斯權力競爭的緩衝地帶，此三國外交政策偏好與未來可能走向對歐洲地區未來整合具重要意義。從對外政策制訂過程來看，一國外交政策選擇除受外部環境影響外，內部改革因素不容忽視，尤其歐盟於後冷戰時期推動之擴張政策對周邊國家產生極為深遠之影響。基於此，本文將採取社會穩定、民主化與經濟依賴三要素做為分析架構，以社會穩定與否、民主化程度高低、對外經濟依賴程度三變項理解此三國外交政..
Belarus, Moldova, and Ukraine occupy the focal point of political development in the European continent after the end of Cold War when European Union completed its eastern enlargement. The author argues that social stability, democratization and economic dependency are three major factors influencing Belarus, Moldova, and Ukraine’s foreign policy choices. First, the more stable social order within the country, the likelier government may foster a more unified foreign policy. Second, the more democratic political process..
從21世紀開始，低敏感性的區域經濟整合已成為目前國際的趨勢。俄羅斯因應區域經濟整合趨勢，從傳統主導安全性區域整合改採以更有地緣政治優勢的能源戰略，來促進其建立在新「歐亞主義」的「歐亞經濟聯盟」。本文以地緣政治之能源戰略視角，檢視俄羅斯對前蘇聯國家的地緣政治與能源紛爭，並以交易成本經濟模型作為綜合型架構。本文認為國家作為一個理性行為者，俄羅斯運用地緣政治能源戰略降低交易成本。最後本文以交易成本變項來進一步分析前蘇聯國家與俄羅斯之議價能力。
In the 21st century, regional economic integration as a less sensitive issue has become the current international trend. In response to the trend of regional economic integration, Russia has changed from traditionally dominated thought of security regional integration to a more geopolitical energy strategy to promote its establishment of the “Eurasian Economic Union” based on the new “Eurasianism.” From the perspective of geopolitical-based energy strategy, the article examines Russia’s geopolitical and energy ..
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