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論濕婆信仰復興運動與種姓制度對於當代斯里蘭卡泰米爾民族運動發展之影響
Reflections of the Impacts of the Saivite Revivalism and Caste System on the Development of Tamil Nationalism in Contemporary Sri Lanka
張世澤(Shih-Tse Chang)張世強(Shih-Chiang Chang)
46卷3期(2007/09/01)

當代斯里蘭卡泰米爾民族運動的發展,並非僅是一種受到斯里蘭卡獨立後期政治、社會與經濟發展激化的現象,而係深植於斯里蘭卡泰米爾獨特的殖民歷史經驗、種姓社會結構與濕婆文化傳統脈絡之中;在這種發展脈絡之下,使得晚近斯里蘭卡泰米爾民族運動在追求「意拉姆」世俗性建國理想的過程中,不斷流露出令許多觀察者感到驚訝的濃厚宗教性色彩。透過聚焦於「濕婆信仰復興運動」與「種姓制度」對於當代斯里蘭卡泰米爾民族運動發展的影響,並通過「泰米爾意拉姆解放之虎」實際發展例證的考察,本文企圖追溯當代斯里蘭卡泰米爾民族運動發展的根源,並揭示傳統宗教元素在其發展過程中扮演微妙角色,藉以提供一個觀察晚近斯里蘭卡族群衝突和內戰問題的不同視角。

 

The recent development of the Tamil nationalism in Sri Lanka is not simply the results of political, social, and economic simmering in the post- independence era, but deeply rooted experiences of colonial history, caste system, and the Saivite culture unique to the Tamils. Such development has led to surprises among observes of such gross religious phenomenon throughout the Tamil nationalist pursuit of “Eelam” – the secular ideal of statehood. Focusing on the Saivite revivalism and the caste system as well as the impact on the development of Tamil nationalist movement and the case study of the LTTE, this paper aims to ascent to the root of the Tamil nationalist movement and unveil the delicate role played by traditional religious elements, thus providing a different angle to the study of ethnic conflicts and civil wars in contemporary Sri Lanka.

 

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