現代科技日新月異,人類的太空活動也展現迥異於以往的面貌。太空科技不僅延伸到宇宙,另一方面也深入地表影響人類生活,諸如衛星傳送、新創產業、軍事技術等。連結虛擬和現實的宇宙空間,現行國際法必須處理嶄新議題的太空垃圾、太空國際法制化、太空資產保護等。同時間,從太空發射的低軌衛星訊息傳送、氣象觀測、衛星遙測等,也與一國內的太空法規範息息相關。這些都挑戰目前主權國家在國際社會的行為,以及在國內制定太空政策的想像。本文取日本太空發展之例,從公共財理論的概念分析太空集體財和私有財的內涵。發現由於太空的..
Modern technology is advancing with each passing day, and human space activities are also showing a completely different appearance from the past. Aerospace technology not only extends to the universe, but also profoundly affects human daily life, such as satellite transmission, emerging industries, and military technology. In order to regulate these human activities in space, the current international law must deal with new issues such as space junk, international legalization of space, and protection of space assets. At the same time, low..
近 400 年來的歐洲,是主權國家平等的「西發里亞體系」,以權力平衡維繫國際秩序;近 600 年以來的東亞,則是中國為天朝而四方小國臣服的「朝貢體系」,是上下層級的國際秩序。為何會有「朝貢體系」?它為何能運作?從現實主義式的觀點來看,「朝貢體系」只是一個包裝過的權力政治,骨子裡仍是物質上的利害與效益計算,中國霸權之下區域國家抵抗無望,不得不臣服。但是,從建構主義式的觀點來看,之所以會有「朝貢體系」的國際秩序,並不只是因為中國的強大,也是因為區域國家認同中國的..
For nearly four centuries, Europe had the so-called Westphalian System of sovereign states, in which balance of power was the basis of international order. In contrast, for nearly six centuries, East Asia had the so-called “tribute system,” a hierarchical order where China was the supreme leader. Why? From a realist perspective, the tribute system was just a wrapper over power politics based on material calculations of interest and benefit: East Asian countries had no choice but submission to China’s hegemon..
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