本文透過日本中國學東京學派始祖白鳥庫吉所創東洋史學，討論中國研究科學化的意義。白鳥力主以科學方法研究中國，進而掌握普遍法則，超越歐洲學界只能從西洋看中國的侷限。不過，白鳥的問題意識與他所反對的漢學傳統之間，仍未見各種聯繫，他的身世與師承出自漢學傳統，因此不能擺脫漢學議程上朱子學與反朱子學的互動脈絡; 白鳥也分享了同時代中國學者躍躍欲試想與西方競爭的氣氛，所研究的對象更是帝國活動的舞台所在，因此與國學派所思所辯輝映。無論問題意識的來源或從事知識活動的動機，科學與漢學都不是對立的。 ..

Shiratori Kurakichi's initiative to establish “Oriental historiography” was the first attempt to apply social science methods to China studies in Japan. He believed that Japan was in a better prepared posittion than its Western counterpart in their common pursuit of universal laws of behavior. This is because Japan understood both the West and China while the West was restricted by its own historical experiences when approaching China.  This paper connects Shiratori's scholarship to classic Sinology in late medi..

本文旨在分析日本戰前藩閥與戰後自民黨派閥政治的關連，明瞭在歷史因素下政治寡頭者理念的傳承，且進一步影響現今政治的運作。以往有關派閥政治的研究，多數是以選區制度、權力均衡等觀點進行探討，然本文認為尚可由制度與歷史的因果關係，探究制度的動態與變遷、制度的柔軟性和限制性等要素說明。故本文取日本藩閥與派閥之例，認為兩者之間藉由近代政黨政治運作連結而起，對應政府體制轉變，成為民主政治理念的展現。本文發現近代日本藩閥政治與自民黨派閥的連續性上，存在有保守與改革派意識形態的對抗，藉由依賴路徑發展而來的..

This paper’s purpose is to analyze the relationship between the pre-war Hanbatsu politics and the post-war factional politics in Japan in order to understand the continued ideals of the political oligarchy and their effect on the operations of present politics. In terms of the studies on factional politics in Japan, most scholars use the viewpoints of the election system or the balance of power, etc. However, this paper tries to explore factional politics from the institutional and historical cause and effect viewpoint. To do so, this..