近年來,國際人權規範在東南亞地區出現了正面的發展趨勢,並引發了學界之興趣。然而現有研究多聚焦於東協區域人權機制的創建與後果,對於人權公約承諾的關注相對不足,所提供的解釋亦未能盡如人意。本文企圖透過量化資料的實證分析,探詢影響東南亞人權公約承諾的主要因素。透過觀察東南亞十國自1981年到2015年間對主要國際人權公約的承諾紀錄,本文驗證了主要理論觀點所歸納出的四項假設,實證分析結果顯示,規範論與理性論觀點在不同的人權公約中產生了一定的促進效果,然而並無證據支持一普遍性承諾機制的存在。此外,同化論觀點在東南亞脈絡下並不存在,顯見對於國際人權公約以及區域人權機制的理解,無法一概而論。東南亞區域人權政治的複雜圖像,在不同層次,不同議題,不同階段均有可觀之處。
The last few decades witnessed positive developments in terms of human rights across Southeast Asia. It is widely believed that progresses such as the creation of ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission of Human Rights (AICHR) suggested the willingness of regional countries to identify themselves with universal human rights. Nevertheless, no consensus has been reached in academia yet regarding human rights treaty commitment of regional countries. This article intends to make contribution to the knowledge of human rights treaty ratification in Southeast Asia. Using the empirical data between 1981 and 2015 of ten regional states, hypotheses derived from major theoretical explanations are put into examination. The findings show partial support to both normative and rationalist perspectives, while the logic of acculturation fails to sustain in Southeast Asian context. Moreover, the empirical findings suggest that the motive of ratification could vary according to the character of human right documents.
公私協力夥伴關係近年來成為南南合作的重要模式,隨著自身經濟實力的增長,南方國家廠商也開始參與其他發展中國家興建基礎建設。有鑑於先行文獻對此現象經常採行對外直接投資的研究框架,較為輕忽公共建設的特質與偏重投資的負面效果,本文以中國廠商參與泰國與緬甸的海外公共建設項目為例,進行理論建構工作。研究發現民營企業即使獨資取得地主國的公私協力夥伴計畫,也不致於衍生爭議;相對地,中央型國有企業參與基礎建設計畫較易遭遇政治反抗,但如果採行與當地或者他國際廠商的合資形式,則可..
South-South Cooperation is believed to facilitate development smoothly. However, why do some projects of public-private partnership in infrastructure (PPI) between Southern countries create contention while others do not? This research argues that types of enterprises and interfirm cooperation are two determinants of contentious politics against foreign involvement in PPI in Southern countries. To explain how this mechanism works, I focus on Chinese firms’ port and power construction PPI in Thailand and Myanmar. The com..
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